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What if your baby falls?

Oops did your baby just fall off a chair? Let's go check them out if there is any serious injury!What should you do when your baby just falls off?👶The baby looks okay to youThe moment your baby falls off gives you an adrenaline rush.🏃‍♀️ You run as fast as you can to your baby to make sure that your child doesn't have any serious wounds.If the baby looks okay, probably the fall doesn't cause serious injury or break some bones.🦴 You still need to continue observing your baby for the next 24 hours to see if any symptoms develop. 👶The baby feels uncomfortableIf your baby is crying out loud, probably they must have gotten hurt or they are irritable because of the fall.😭 The best decision is to take them to the doctor to get checked out thoroughly. It's not necessary to keep the child awake although it's better to monitor their health when they are still active.🤾‍♀️ What is dangerous is that they probably fall on their head, feel dizzy and want to sleep but can't easily wake up. If they sleep, you should wake them after two hours to see if the child is still alert.💤Stay calm to identify serious signs👶Simple signsYou can't help feeling anxious when you see your child crying nonstop.😭 If the baby just has a light bump, their tears come from pain or fright and will not last longer than 10 minutes. 👶Serious signsConstant headache or dizziness can be the result of a serious hit.🤕 Your baby might be extremely irritable and cry incessantly. More severely, you may see them excessively sleepy and have a difficult time waking up. The baby might vomit after a strong hit on their head.🤮Treatment for your baby👶Treatment at homeIf you have successfully ruled out serious injury, you can treat your baby's mild bump at home. Wrap an ice pack🧊 in a thin towel or diaper and hold it onto the bump for fifteen or twenty minutes. You can nurse them or say something sweet to your little one to soothe them and distract them from the pain.😀If your baby is constantly in pain, you can give them the appropriate amount of acetaminophen or ibuprofen.💊 Avoid aspirin because it can cause a rare but serious condition called Reye's syndrome.👶Call the ER!If your child experiences loss of consciousness, unresponsiveness, non stop bleeding, you have to call for an emergency.🚑 Any signs of a fractured bone, a concussion, inability to walk steadily or talk, prolonged screaming indicate your baby can be in danger. You have to talk to their doctor immediately and take the baby to the emergency room.👩‍⚕️

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Why does my baby stiffen their legs and arms?

When you pick up your baby from the crib🛏️, you might have noticed their hands and legs got stiffened! This is normal! It usually happens when your little one gets too excited or frustrated👶, and her muscle gets tightened up. However, rarely there are some other cases that can indicate a problem!What is hypertonia?It is considered hypertonia when a baby's muscles get stiff and hard to move because of damage to the brain or spinal cord that controls muscle movements🧍. Babies with hypertonia move in different ways because their range of motion is limited. Walking, balancing, grabbing, and letting go of objects could be difficult for them.There are two types of hypertonia, which are Spastic and Dystonic. Spastic hypertonia is when muscle spasms when a baby moves. On the other hand, when a baby is with Dystonic hypertonia, their muscle tone stays the same whether the baby is moving or still. In order to figure out which hypertonia the baby has, doctors will move a baby's muscles in different directions at various speeds🚶.Why does it happen? Any symptoms I should be aware of?To move muscles, we send signals from the nervous system travel to the nerves. However, if the brain🧠 or spinal cord is injured, those signals can't reach the nerves, which causes hypertonia! This could happen when a baby had a lack of oxygen during birth. If his/her brain is injured or has a tumor, could cause hypertonia as well.A baby with hypertonia generally shows trouble moving her joints in the arms, legs or neck. Their range of motion👋 gets limited, and they fall often because they lose their balance. If a baby has severe hypertonia, he can't move the affected body part much because his joint freeze in place, which is called a contracture. Other reasons why your baby may stiffen their bodyThere are a few other possible medical reasons🏥 for a baby to stiffen their body. Other medical conditions related to brain damage, such as infantile spasms, cerebral palsy, seizures, and epilepsy can cause this symptom as well. Occasional muscle stiffening isn't something to worry about. But if you feel suspicious too often, you should contact a doctor for a check-up and start a diagnosis and treatment👩‍⚕️.

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Tips for Positive Parenting

The definition of positive parenting varies but the core idea can be summed up to warm, positive family interactions and guidelines!Tips for positive parenting👪Get inside your child's headAlthough on the outside your child's behaviors look unjustified and irrational, they are motivated by legitimate needs.🧸 If you can get inside their heads, you can address their needs. Always keep in mind that they are still developing and give them the benefit of the doubt.😎👪Empathetic, supportive and constructiveYou don't have to agree with your child's demands all the time. Instead, the goal is to be the kind of arbitrator and mentor you would want for yourself and your baby.😀Your kid would love a parent who is prepared to listen to their side of the story and reassure them that they are being heard.💖 They know that they will get a fair-minded and sympathetic hearing. You are the one who will reason with them, use encouragement and humor to steer them away from negative emotions while introducing solutions.🥰👪The art of distractionIf you notice that your baby has gotten hold of a forbidden object, you just camly remove it and show your child something else. Look at these colorful toys!🪅 Your child might be attracted to them immediately when you find them more interesting.  Distraction is useful for old kids too. When your child is overwhelmed by feelings of outrage and confinement, they don't know how to stop but they can divert their focus into something else.👀👪Humor and playfulnessJokes and silliness are considered excellent distractions.😚 Your kid might feel more excited and motivated if you make requests with humor and transform work into play.👪Make sure that most of your interactions are positiveKids are mirrors, reflecting images of what happens around them.🪞 Positive social interactions create more trusting family relationships and motivate kids to be cooperative.More tips for positive parenting👪Validate your kid's reasonsIt's important that you don't expect your kids to read your mind.😊 Two-way conversations are much more beneficial when you don't just recite the rules but rather to explain the rationale of the rules and undertake your baby's questions and concerns.👪Try to say yes as much as possible'No' can be viewed as a negative word that fuels resentment and resistance since your kid is not yet able to understand how to learn from negative feedback. Parental criticism can also trigger feelings of hopelessness.😞 Hence, you should either suggest alternatives and help the kid accept different options. 👪Catch children at being goodIt's crucial that you give praise at the right moment.😘 Children may respond to rewards and compliments more readily than punishments. After your kid finishes homework, let's offer simple praise 'well done!' for the kid's good behavior.👪Be a good mentorTalking with your child about their feelings and discussing helpful strategies for handling difficult emotions indicate your respect for your kid and your willingness to offer sympathetic hearing.👂 You also provide your little one with concrete support and assurance that no matter what, mommy is right here! 

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Parenting stress

That nervous feeling when you're about to meet your baby for the first time is engraved in your heart.💓 You just look at them in awe every time and gain strength to become the best parents for them. But you can't avoid stress along the way…Parenting stress👪What is parenting stress?Parenting stress is the distress when you feel you can't cope as a parent.😞 After pregnancy, expectations and demands placed on you are so high that you seem to run out of resources and strength to meet them. 👪What causes parenting stress?The causation varies depending on each family. Stress can originate from poor economic status, inadequate support system, and exposure to hostility.⚔️ Anything that makes you worry about your ability to protect your child and thrive can contribute to parenting stress.🙁Ways to cope with parenting stress👪Reach out for supportParenting is a lot easier if you have your supporters on your side.👪 Contact your friends, family members and especially your partner to share your feelings. You can always count on their support for emotional support, financial aid💰 and childcare help.If you don't live near friends or relatives, you can look for local parenting cooperatives, online communities and trained therapis‍ts.😀 Enrolling in parenting classes can be helpful too as you can seek new friends, reduce your feelings of guilt and stress while gaining more knowledge.👪Avoid unnecessary exposure to signals that drag you downAfter a very brief exposure to negative emotional content, it's natural that you pay attention more to upsetting images, replay bad memories and worry about the future. Such thoughts keep circulating in your head, causing more anxiety and gloom.😥Overdosing on bad news spikes up your stress levels, undermines yourself and hurts you gradually. Instead, try to put yourself together, think constructively, think brightly.🤔 Everything will be just fine and you can do it! 👪Focus on the goodYou can induce good moods by downloading happy memories into your head. Do you remember when your little one just took the first step or called your name for the first time? When you return home from work, remember how you feel when you see your child's smiles and hugs.🤗Reflect on good memories and read jokes, uplifting stories to make you feel better. Focusing on acts of kindness and positive messages will help you decrease stress responses.😀👪Re-appraise the situationWe often think that we are good at predicting things if we have a plan. Actually, we are pretty bad at anticipating future discomforts. Sometimes, stressful things just occur along the way.😞When bad things happen, you may find a coping strategy when you reconsider the situation from a new angle. Stop dwelling too much on your personal emotional reactions, try to view the problem with more objectivity.💪 

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Why homemade baby's formula isn't safe

Mmm, mmm, good😋! We love homemade food! They are delicious, healthy, and nutritious!Wait, then would homemade baby formula be better than the ones in the shops🤔? The answer is NO! If you wonder, here's why:What is in baby formula?Have you ever wondered what is that white powder made of? Basically, baby formula is made to replicate human breast milk as much as possible🥛. The biggest difference between formula and breastmilk is that the latter is a living composition while the formula is inert.Purified cow's milk is the most commonly used ingredient for baby formula. Formula made with soy milk or oat milk is often seen as well. A blend of vegetable oils is used as a fat source🫛, and lactose as a carbohydrate source. Ingredients for vitamin and mineral mix depend on the manufacturer.Making my own baby formula at home! Is it possible?According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), making baby formula at home is not safe🙅. Why is that? It's because infants need very specific nutrition in order to grow and it's very hard to meet all the needs at home. Commercially manufactured formulas, however, are designed to contain protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals well balanced.Also, you'll be using commercial goods as ingredients to make baby formula at home🏠 - for example, raw milk. Commercials refine those ingredients to be suitable for infants, but we can't do that at home! What should I do if I can't find baby formula around?Middle of the night🌃, no formula, no shops open, and your baby is crying from hunger! Many of us have already dealt with, or can face this situation!If there's no way to get the baby formula, try calling your pediatrician or nearby clinic for help. They might have an emergency formula supply to help you👨‍⚕️. If they don't have it stocked, they can recommend you other ways to fill your little one's hunger. If your baby is approaching age 1, you might consider feeding whole cow's milk or soy milk as the very last option. It would be a better option than giving her homemade or diluted formula! To ensure safety, ask your pediatrician for guidance in advance if your baby is good to drink these as an alternative!

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Attachment parenting

Parenting isn't one-size-fit-alls. You might feel a lot of pressure to pick one style of parenting, in reality, the act of parenting is a true journey, not a set of required practices. You're welcome to take your time to figure it out.😀Attachment parenting👪Definition of attachment parenting?Attachment parenting is not all about a frenetic attempt to deliver the fastest responses when your baby sends a signal. It's actually about finding a balance between parents' lives and childcare duties.⚖️The ancestral implication that mothers are designed to devote themselves to child-rearing to the point that they can't have a private life is out-dated.⚠️ Something is wrong if you and your baby cannot enjoy the parenting journey. What it truly means is attending to your child's cues and taking action accordingly that suits both you and your baby.🥰👪Common practices of attachment parentingIf you choose attachment parenting, you may find yourself frequently holding your baby, breastfeeding🤱 whenever your little one cries even in the middle of the night.🌙 You become sensitive and responsive to your child's emotions. You decide to co-sleep with your baby to monitor them better.Benefits of attachment parenting👪Secure bondsUnlike unresponsive and more controlling parents, sensitive mothers tend to pay attention more to the child's interests and needs.👂 The quality of communication between you and your child indicates more secure attachment relationships.👪Promote independenceInfants are less likely to develop fearful tendencies if they know that you are always there by their side.👩‍👦 They show a greater level of positive mood, more constructive coping and better regulation of emotion on their own. 👪Help children cope with stressSkin-to-skin contacts and co-sleeping can help your baby develop a healthy stress response system, improved sleep patterns and better cognitive control.🧠 Once the kid receives warm and sensitive parenting, they are protected from brain-shrinking stress and autoimmune disorders.👪Fewer behavior problemsSecurely - attached children are less likely to develop behavior problems since they develop better cognitive flexibility and perspective taking-skills.🤗 Moreover, if they are engaged in mutually responsive, positive reactions with you, it is more likely that they develop consciences and comply with adult instructions.😛

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Newborn and sleep basics

You know, whoever came up with the phrase "sleep like a baby" clearly didn't spend much time around newborns, right? 😣 These little bundles of joy have a knack for keeping us on our toes, especially when it comes to sleep! They're known to be restless sleepers, waking up every few hours like clockwork and rarely making it through the night without a little wake-up call😪. But hey, if you find yourself wondering (or maybe even worrying) about your baby's sleep habits, take a deep breath and remind yourself of a few important facts.How much sleep do babies need?🐤Newborns (0-3 months)Tiny ones need a lot of shut-eye! On average, newborns sleep about 14-17 hours a day🕑. However, their sleep is usually divided into short periods, with a mix of daytime naps and nighttime awakenings for feeding.🐤Infants (4-11 months)As your baby grows, their sleep patterns start to change. During this stage, babies typically sleep around 12-15 hours a day. They may have longer stretches of nighttime sleep🦉 and take a few naps during the day.How to get your newborn to sleep! 💤Newborns have their own sleep scheduleIt's important to understand that newborns have their own unique sleep patterns. They haven't quite figured out the difference between day and night yet🌛, so be prepared for sleep to happen whenever they need it. It may feel unpredictable at times, but rest assured, it's completely normal.💤Expect frequent night awakeningsBrace yourself for those frequent night awakenings. Newborns have tiny tummies and need to eat every few hours🍼. So, be ready for those nighttime feedings and try to make peace with the fact that uninterrupted sleep might be a luxury for a little while.💤Embrace the power of napsNaps are your best friend! Encourage your little one to take regular daytime naps. While it may seem counterintuitive, adequate daytime sleep can actually contribute to better nighttime sleep👍. So, create a soothing nap time routine and provide a calm environment for your baby to rest during the day.💤Create a sleep-friendly environmentHelp your baby differentiate between day and night by creating a sleep-friendly environment. During nighttime awakenings, keep the lights low and avoid stimulating activities🌃. On the flip side, during the day, expose your baby to natural light and engage in playful interactions. These cues can help establish their internal sleep-wake rhythm.💤Seek support and rest when possibleRemember, you're not alone on this sleep journey. Reach out to your partner, family, or friends for support. Share the responsibilities of nighttime awakenings and take turns getting some much-needed rest. Taking care of yourself is just as important as taking care of your baby💕.So, hang in there! While it may feel challenging at times, know that this phase won't last forever. Your little one will gradually develop more predictable sleep patterns as they grow! 

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When babies grow and lose their hair

Can we take a moment to appreciate the wonders of baby hairstyles👶? It's truly incredible how each baby's hair journey is like a unique and charming work of art🎨! But no matter what hairstyle your baby is currently rocking, don't get too attached!When do babies grow hair?Newborns do have a magical way of transforming and evolving faster than you can say "peekaboo." It's a hair today, gone tomorrow situation that keeps you on your toes!👶Even if your little one enters this world as bald as can be, rest assured that the seeds of her future locks have already been planted. Can you believe it🦱? Hair follicles start developing as early as week 14 or 15 of pregnancy, setting the stage for those beautiful strands to sprout in due time.Why do babies lose their hair?Don't worry if your baby experiences hair loss—it's completely normal and happens as part of their growth process😉. It's believed to be a response to changing hormones after birth. But here's the exciting part: new hair will grow back! However, be prepared for some surprises, as the color and texture may change. So embrace the journey of your baby's evolving hair and enjoy every adorable stage. It's all part of the magical experience🪄!How to care for your newborn's hair!Caring for your baby's hair is a breeze with a touch of finesse. Remember, it's unnecessary to wash their hair daily; a gentle shampoo🧴 a few times a week during bath time is sufficient. Be kind to their delicate scalp, avoiding vigorous massages that could lead to hair loss. Use a soft-bristle brush or wide-toothed comb to detangle without causing discomfort. Embrace their natural hair, avoiding tight headbands or ponytails. If a trim is needed, choose a calm moment😌 and provide distractions for a pleasant experience! 

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How to hand express breast milk

If you want to express breast milk right now but don't have a gear, try the hand express technique. It is a simple way to remove milk from your breasts anywhere, gear-free😉! How do you hand express your breast milk?Your hands sometimes can be a lifesaver🛟 for your breasts! Wash your hands clean, and gently massage and squeeze your breasts to express milk out of your breasts. Put your thumb and index finger around your nipple, slide the fingers down, and rotate the nipple with gentle press. (You can get bruises if you press too hard, so make sure you do it gently!😵) Do both sides of your breasts alternately, each for about 5 minutes, massage them for a minute, and do squeezing again. Repeat the procedure as needed, but the total time should not exceed 20-30 minutes.Why should I try hand expressions?The biggest charm of hand expression is that it is convenient! You don't need any equipment, so you can do pumping anytime, anywhere😎. But convenience isn't the only advantage of hand expression! Doing hand expression allows you to get more colostrum than using a breast pump. Even if you are using a breast pump, using your hand for a few minutes at the end of the pumping session can usually squeeze more milk out🍼. Also, using a breast pump can possibly make your nipples itchy and soar, so if you are suffering from this, try hand expressions!Tips for easier hand expressingSmooth milk flow is the key to easier hand expression! In order to stimulate your breasts better, a warm temperature helps. Make your hands warm♨️, or a hot shower can help your breasts to relax. Massaging the breasts gently by moving them around will yield more milk to pump. Relaxation is important as well🕊️ , so find a quiet, clean spot to do the expressions. If you ask when is the best time for hand expressing, I would say do it in the morning, because your supply tends to be the most abundant!

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How to do pace bottle-feeding with your baby

Have you heard about pace bottle-feeding? It is a method of bottle-feeding that slows down the flow of milk or formula when nursing, so your baby can have control over the feeding pace. It works for both pumped milk and formula👯, and it's easy to try out!How to pace bottle-feedLearning how to pace bottle-feed isn't complicated! Hold your baby at a 45-degree angle, head and neck aligned. Rest her head in the crook of your arm, as you breastfeed her🤱. Put the nipple of the bottle in the baby's mouth, holding the bottle parallel to the ground. When you and your little partner are ready, slightly tilt the bottle upwards so that the liquid can't flow out too much at once.Now you guys are all set🙆. Let your baby sip for a bit, for about 20-30 seconds, and give a short break. Repeat this until she's full and doesn't want it anymore, generally taking 15 to 30 minutes. Follow your little boss' lead! Take a few more sessions until you and your baby get used to the method!Benefits of paced bottle-feeding🍼 Control the flow of eatingWith paced bottle-feeding, your baby can control the eating pace by himself, which prevents overeating🍽️. Since this method is mimicking the way of breastfeeding, it helps your baby from getting confused between the nipples of breastfeeding and bottle feeding. 🍼 Fewer eating problems These aren't all the advantages of paced bottle-feeding! Because she sips until satisfied😆, she's less likely to be fussy. Your baby will have less stomach pain or gas as well. The risk of choking and ear infection can be reduced since your baby has to be in a semi-upright position in order to use this method. Ideal bottles for paced feedingThere are various types of bottles and nipples in the world but it's hard to find the right one for you and your little one🙌! When it comes to paced feeding, it gets harder. Here are some suggestions for the bottles so you can summarize your list!Try using slow-flow nipples, which are usually made for newborns. Nipples designed for breastfeeding are also a good choice because they can slow down the liquid flow👍. If you aren't sure if the liquid flows slowly enough, turn the bottle upside down and check how quickly the liquid drips out. The ideal speed is roughly a drop of liquid per second!

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How to Encourage Pretend Play in Babies and Toddlers

Imaginative play isn't just for older kids; even the tiniest tots can join the fun. It's all about age-appropriate adventures, starting with those early interactions where your little one begins their journey of make-believe, long before they become a firefighter or tea party host! 🎲💛What is pretend play?Welcome to the world of imaginative play! 🌟 It's where children can experiment with different roles, from sailing on a cardboard ship to cooking imaginary feasts or even dressing up as grown-ups "going to work."Toys like play food and dress-up clothes add fun, but they're not essential. Using everyday objects that don't have a defined purpose encourages creative thinking. A pile of leaves can become a cauldron of soup, a laundry basket transforms into an airplane, and a stack of pillows becomes a mighty mountain. 🚀Even before your little one dreams of being a teacher or a soccer star, engaging in conversations with your baby lets them explore various roles and sets the stage for imaginative play. 🗨️ It's a world of endless possibilities from the very beginning!What are the benefits of imaginative play?In this magical land of make-believe, your child can master self-control as they cooperate and decide who plays the daring superhero or the wise wizard, all while learning to manage the occasional frustration. It's a bit like an emotional growth adventure! 🎆Creating a brand new world in their imaginations brings players closer, whether they're fellow pint-sized adventurers or parents joining in the fun. It's a bonding bonanza! 🎊 These make-believe escapades foster give-and-take interactions that knit hearts closer together.Moreover, pretend play acts as a safe haven for your child to tackle tough topics, allowing them to bravely face scenarios like doctor visits or the first day at daycare or preschool. It's like a therapy session led by their imagination! And let's not forget the linguistic growth spurt—dreaming up adventures and negotiating the rules involves using fancy words and complex ideas, helping your child's vocabulary and communication skills blossom. ✨How to encourage imaginative play for babiesPicture a world where even the tiniest tots embark on their social play adventure! They're not quite ready to become dinosaurs🦖 or doctors👨‍⚕️, but they're diving headfirst into the enchanting realm of role-playing. It's a delightful journey of exploration and practice, and it's oh-so-captivating!As they giggle and grow, here's the plan for their blossoming social interactions. Engage in lively conversations, encourage curiosity with age-appropriate objects, and sing along to action songs. As they approach their first birthday, show them the ropes of social interactions, explore the art of sharing, and play with a toy phone to have delightful pretend conversations. 📞👶 It's not just fun; it's a school of life! 🎉Encouraging for toddlersAt age 2, your child's imaginative play skills are budding, and they're ready to embark on creative adventures. You can guide them by providing dress-up clothes and props, encouraging role-playing scenarios, or setting up a stuffed animal tea party. 👗Use everyday objects in unexpected ways to ignite their creativity, and don't forget the animal dance party, where they can dance like different animals. As you play together, remember it's not just fun; it's a world of learning and growth! 🤗As your child turns three, get ready for a boost in imaginative play. Their little brain is ready to spin make-believe tales and explore new roles with less help from you. Your main role? Jump into the fun and join them in their enchanting world of imagination. 🎈Embrace their creative ideas, participate in role-reversal games, whip up culinary delights in a pretend restaurant, assist as they play doctor to their stuffed animals, and set up a home postal service for some imaginative mail deliveries. It's not just play; it's a world of learning and laughter, right at home! 🎢🎪

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How to swaddle a baby

Swaddling your baby is not only simple but also offers fantastic benefits👼. It helps keep them cozy, secure, and can minimize sudden movements that might disturb their sleep!How swaddling works!❣️Promoting Comfort and Security for Your BabySwaddling is a gentle and effective practice that helps your baby feel safe and secure during their adjustment to the outside world. This technique recreates the cozy sensation they experienced in the womb, providing a comforting environment☂️. Swaddling prevents the startle reflex, promotes better sleep patterns, and contributes to a content and less fussy baby❣️Promoting Calm Sleep for Your BabySwaddling is a fantastic way to prevent your adorable baby from involuntarily flailing their tiny arms and legs, triggering the startle reflex that can disrupt their sleep😴. This reflex can hinder your baby from settling down and achieving deep, restful sleep. However, by utilizing a swaddle, you can effectively mitigate the startle reflex until your baby naturally outgrows it.Let's swaddle your baby🧸Essential Supplies to Have on HandGetting ready for your baby's bath time is an important step in ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable experience. To make the process smooth and cozy, it's a great idea to gather all the essentials beforehand. Here are a few must-have items🎒: a snug and warm swaddle blanket, a soft undershirt, and a fresh diaper. By having these ready, you can swiftly wrap your baby up, preventing their body temperature from dropping and ensuring a pleasant bath time for both of you.🧸Step-by-Step Guide for Your Baby's ComfortStart by laying the swaddle blanket in a diamond shape, folding it downwards, and placing the undershirt and diaper on top. Carefully lay your baby on the blanket, slipping on the undershirt and securing the diaper. Cradle their right arm with your right hand, tuck the left side of the blanket under their left armpit, and fold the lower part of the blanket. Continuing with the swaddle, wrap your baby's body to the left, tucking the right side of the swaddle blanket completely😺. This ensures a secure and cozy swaddle. Take a moment to make any necessary adjustments, eliminating any folded areas that might cause discomfort. It's important to note that swaddling provides warmth and a sense of security for your baby while allowing them to move comfortably. Tips for swaddling babyMake the swaddles snug but not too tight, allowing room for a couple of fingers between the blankets and your babies' chests. If they like their arms free🐥, it's totally fine to leave one or both out. If your babies wiggle a lot, give them a break to squirm before swaddling again. If they consistently try to wriggle out, try different swaddle types or consider stopping. Swaddling is soothing for preemies too, just bring their hands together on their chests👐. 

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What should your breast milk look like?

What color pops into your mind when you think of breast milk🍼? For me, it's pure white! So I was very surprised when I found out the color of breast milk can change color with different hues😮! What breast milk color is normal?The color of breast milk varies for every woman👩. Typical breast milk is white with a yellowish tint, but the color changes depending on the breastfeeding period and the mom's condition. Colostrum, which comes in right after a baby's birth, tends to be yellowish-white. Then the transitional milk, which comes in between colostrum and mature milk🍼, tends to have an orange tint. Mature milk tends to be white like skimmed milk, but again, every woman's milk is different, so there are individual differences.Why does my breast milk change its color?Breast milk can change color depending on what food or medication a mom takes. The color usually changes from yellow to orange-ish colors, but it can also turn into completely different tints of colors, such as black or green😮! Green breast milk happens when mom eats a lot of green foods or supplements like chlorella. Some medications like minocycline can turn breast milk into black. Even though your milk color changes, it is completely normal as long as your doctor has cleared that your medications are safe👌.When to call the doctorIf you see blood in your breast milk, you must observe👀! It often happens when there's bleeding on the nipples, or when blood flow to the breasts increases. Both cases are normal in the early days, so you don't need to worry about it as well😌. But in rare cases, the blood could be a sign of breast cancer, mastitis, or papillomas. So if you notice blood you don't know where it's coming from, there is no reason to hesitate to call the doctor and discuss it.

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Caring for your newborn's umbilical cord stump

What's an umbilical cord stump?During pregnancy, the umbilical cord provides nourishment and oxygen to your baby from the placenta👶. It connects to your baby's abdomen through an opening that will later become their belly button. Once your baby is born, they can breathe on their own and receive nourishment through feeding🍼.When does the umbilical cord fall off?The umbilical cord stump usually falls off within 7 to 21 days, showing that the belly button is healing. Keep the area clean and dry during this time🧹. If the stump doesn't come off or falls off too early, contact the doctor for further evaluation. After the stump falls off naturally, a small amount of bleeding is normal🩸, similar to a scab. However, if the bleeding continues or resumes even after applying gentle pressure, inform the doctor.Some tips until your baby's umbilical cord stump falls off:🧸Keep the stump and the surrounding area clean and dry. Use warm water and a mild soap🧼 to gently clean around the base of the stump, then make sure to dry it thoroughly. You can use clean cotton swabs to help with cleaning. No need to clean the stump itself unless it accidentally gets dirty, like during a messy diaper change. In that case, simply cleanse it with warm water and dry it afterward.🧸Fold your baby's diaper away from the stump. Or look for newborn diapers with a special cut-out space for the stump. This allows air to circulate🌬️ and prevents contact with your baby's pee. Remember to change your baby's diaper frequently to avoid urine soaking toward the stump.🧸Skip the alcohol application on the stump. While it used to be recommended in the past, we now know that allowing the stump to naturally dry on its own leads to faster healing without any increased risk of infection.🧸Opt for loose-fitting clothing until the stump falls off. Avoid dressing your baby in bodysuit-style undershirts. If it's warm outside, a diaper, and a loose T-shirt will do the trick, allowing air to circulate and speeding up the drying process😉.

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Skin rashes in babies and toddlers - Part 2

You thought the battle is over? Oh no, not yet! Here is the second part of the list of skin rashes you should be aware of!🔥✔️Food allergyFood allergy occurs when a baby is sensitive to certain food and an unusual reaction appears in his/her body🤒. Common allergens include eggs, milk, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, wheat, and soy. Feeding a small amount of common allergen food one by one before starting baby food, or asking a doctor for an allergy test might help to distinguish which food your baby is allergic to. Allergic reactions can differ by individual, including a red, itchy rash, vomiting and nausea, watery and red eyes with sneezing🤧. Some serious reactions could cause trouble breathing or swelling of the lips and tongue. So if you notice any abnormal symptoms after feeding, observe the symptom carefully and discuss it with your doctor.✔️Hand, foot, and mouth diseaseHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFM) is a common virus for kids under 5. The name originated from its main symptom which makes rashes and blisters on the baby's hands, mouth, and feet. Flu-like symptoms such as high fever and sore throat follow🌡️. The virus is very contagious and spreads very easily, so if your baby is infected with HFM, you should separate him/her from other young children🙅‍♀️. ✔️Fifth diseaseIf your baby has a low fever and cold-like symptoms for several days and a red rash starts to form on the cheeks😳, you need to doubt if it's Fifth disease. Fifth disease is caused by parvovirus B19. It is contagious, but only in the early phase which is before a rash starts to appear. This is common, especially in kids aged 5 to 15, but it also occurs in some toddlers and babies.✔️HivesBacterial infections, food reactions, plants or bug bites can make hives on the skin. It is a skin condition with red and raised bumps😵‍💫. They can be itchy, but mostly they don't bother your baby at all. It is hard to know what causes hives, but allergy is one of the major influences. If you could record the recent food or medication intakes💊, it helps to track down the possible cause of hives. It might look serious, but it's not contagious.✔️SunburnWhen your baby was exposed to sunlight for too long☀️, sunburn can develop on their skin! As you might already have experienced during previous vacations, sunburn can happen even on cloudy days. Especially since babies' skin is weak and sensitive, they are more vulnerable to the sun, and can feel more pain than we do😖! We all already know how to avoid sunburns. Put sunscreens when you bring your little one outside, and cover them with long sleeves to minimize sun exposure.

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